.\" t
.TH ERROR::PASS5 7stap 
.SH NAME
error::pass5 \- systemtap pass-5 errors

.SH DESCRIPTION
Errors that occur during pass 5 (execution) can have a variety of causes.

.TP
exceptional events during script execution
The systemtap translator and runtime include numerous error checks
that aim to protect the systems and the users from mistakes or
transient conditions.  The script may deliberately call the
.IR error()
tapset function to signal a problem.  Some memory needed for
accessing
.IR $context
variables may be temporarily unavailable.  Consider using the 
.IR try / catch
construct to wrap script fragments in exception-handling code.
Consider using the
.IR "stap --suppress-handler-errors"
or
.IR "stap --skip-badvars"
option.

.TP
resource exhaustion
One of several types of space or time resource limits may be
exceeded by the script, including system overload, too many tuples
to be stored in an array, etc.  Some of the error messages identify
the constraint by macro name, which may be individually raised.
Consider using the 
.IR "stap --suppress-handler-errors"
and/or
.IR "stap -g --suppress-time-limits"
options.  Extend or disable individual resource limits using the
.IR "stap -DSOME_LIMIT=NNNN"
option.  The
.IR "stap -t"
option may identify those probes that are taking too long.
.\" the systemtap/wiki/TipExhaustedResourceErrors should be transcribed here

.TP
remote execution server problems
If you use the 
.IR "stap --remote"
option to direct a systemtap script to be executed somewhere else,
ensure that an SSH connection may be made to the remote host, and
that it has the current systemtap runtime installed & available.

.TP
installation/permission problems
It is possible that your copy of systemtap was not correctly
installed.  For example, the
.IR /usr/bin/staprun
program may lack the necessary setuid permissions, or your invoking
userid might not have sufficient privileges (root, or
.IR stapusr
and related group memberships).  Environment
variables may interfere with locating
.IR /usr/libexec/.../stapio  "."

.TP
security configuration
SecureBoot or other module signing machinery may be in effect,
preventing \fB.ko\fR module loading.  A local or remote
.IR stap-server
service would be necessary to securely manage keys.  This situation
is detected automatically on most kernels, but on some, the
.IR SYSTEMTAP_SIGN
environment varible may have to be set to trigger this extra
signing-related processing.

The normal kernel-module based systemtap backend may be more than
your script requires.  Try
.nh
.IR "stap\ --runtime=bpf " and/or " stap\ --runtime=dyninst"
.hy
backends.  Though they have inherent limitations, they operate
with lesser privileges and perceived risks.

It may be possible to disable secure/lockdown measures temporarily
with the SysRQ+x keystroke, or permanently with
.nh
.IR "sudo\ mokutil\ --disable-validation"
.hy
and a reboot.

.TP
errors from target program
The program invoked by the
.IR "stap -c CMD"
option may exit with a non-zero code.

.TP
uncaught exceptions in the target program
When using
.IR --runtime=dyninst
you may encounter an issue where the target program aborts with a
message like "terminate called after throwing an instance
of 'foo_exception'".  This is unfortunately a limitation of Dyninst,
which sometimes prevents exceptions from properly unwinding through
instrumented code.


.SH GATHERING MORE INFORMATION
Increasing the verbosity of pass-5
with an option such as
.IR "--vp 00001"
can help pinpoint the problem.

.SH SEE ALSO
.nh
.nf
.IR stap (1),
.IR http://sourceware.org/systemtap/wiki/TipExhaustedResourceErrors ,
.IR error::fault (7stap),
.IR error::reporting (7stap)
.IR warning::pass5 (7stap)
